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-====== UNIX basic commands ======
-== Contents ==
-   * Introduction
-   * bash and tcsh shells
-   * Working with directories
-   * Environment variables
-   * Editing text files
-   * Other Web tutorials
-//[[http://www.bo.infn.it/alice/alice-doc/mll-doc/linux/admin/]]//
-===== Introduction =====
-Spending a few hours to learn UNIX will greatly benefit you in the long term and save your time.
-Ce ne sono un sacco in giro per il Web, ma qui raccolgo SOLO il minimo indispensabile per lavorare,
-niente di superfluo!
-only the bare minimum!
-Familiarity with Linux is necessary
-If you are not familiar with using Unix/GNU Linux this page is intended to provide a description of
-basic linux commands and references to more information.
-When working in Linux, you will activate a **terminal** and inside the terminal **shell** will be running, i.e. a program interpreting your **commands**. Commands are typed inside this shell, and you press ENTER to issue them. For most commands, additional arguments can be issued by using minus signs (where \ signs are used in Windows), e.g. command -a - b -c or command -abc. To find out what options are available for a given command, and what those options do, type command --help, which works in most cases, or try to have a more detailed information with the man command.
-An exhaustive list of many other UNIX tutorials which can be found on the Web
-has been collected [[vlsi:unix_basics#other_web_tutorials|here]].
-===== Bash and tcsh shells =====
-===== Working with directories =====
-^        **Command**                               ^          **Description**       ^
-|''<sub>man <command>                      </sub>''|                                |
-|''<sub>pwd                                </sub>''|                                |
-|''<sub>cd <dirName>                       </sub>''|                                |
-|''<sub>cd /path/to/directory              </sub>''|                                |
-|''<sub>cd                                 </sub>''|                                |
-|''<sub>cd ..                              </sub>''|                                |
-|''<sub>cd .                               </sub>''|                                |
-|''<sub>mkdir <dirName>                    </sub>''|                                |
-|''<sub>ls                                 </sub>''|                                |
-|''<sub>ls -l                              </sub>''|                                |
-|''<sub>ls -althr                          </sub>''|                                |
-|''<sub>ls <dirName>                       </sub>''|                                |
-|''<sub>ls /path/to/dirName                </sub>''|                                |
-|''<sub>mv <oldName> <newName>             </sub>''|                                |
-|''<sub>mv <fileName> /path/to/newName     </sub>''|                                |
-|''<sub>cp bla bla bla                     </sub>''|                                |
-|''<sub>rm <fileName>                      </sub>''|                                |
-|''<sub>acroread fileName.pdf              </sub>''|                                |
-|''<sub>evince fileName.pdf                </sub>''|                                |
-Set alias in ''~/.cshrc'' file
-<code>
-alias ll 'ls -ahl'
-</code>
-or in a ''~/.bashrc''
-<code>
-alias ll='ls ahl'
-</code>
-===== Viewing pdf files =====
-====== Environment variables ======
-<code>
-export VarName=value     # sh and sh-like shells (e.g. bash)
-</code>
-<code>
-setenv varName value     # csh and csh-like shells (e.g. tcsh)
-</code>
-<code>
-set varName=value
-</code>
-NOTA! variabili settate con set sono viste solo dalla shell, con setenv/export anche dai programmi!
-====== Find files =====
-<code>
-which <command>
-</code>
-e.g.
-<code>
-which cdsterm
-/usr/local/bin/cdsterm
-</code>
-<code>
-find /path/to/start/directory -name fileName
-</code>
-<code>
-find
-</code>
-====== Text editors ======
-nano, vi, gedit, nedit
-emacs,
-<code>
-emacs -nw <fileName>
-</code>
-===== Working with compressed files =====
-Create a zipped file:
-<code>
-zip fileName.zip fileName
-</code>
-Extract a zipped file:
-<code>
-unzip fileName.zip
-</code>
-Create a gzipped file:
-<code>
-gzip fileName
-</code>
-Extract a gzipped file:
-<code>
-gunzip fileName.gz     [gzip -d fileName.gz]
-</code>
-Create a .tar.gz archive:
-<code>
-tar -czvf fileName.tar.gz /path/to/directory
-</code>
-Extract a .tar.gz archive:
-<code>
-tar -xzvf fileName.tar.gz
-</code>
-Create a .tar.bz2 archive:
-<code>
-tar -cjvf fileName.tar.bz2 /path/to/directory
-</code>
-Extract a .tar.bz2 archive:
-<code>
-tar -xjvf fileName.tar.bz2
-</code>
-Extract a .rar file:
-<code>
-unrar fileName.rar
-</code>
-===== Other Web tutorials =====
-   * //[[https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/CMSPublic/WorkBookBasicLinux]]// (<nowiki>CMS</nowiki> collaboration UNIX tutorial)
-   * //[[http://www.slac.stanford.edu/BFROOT/www/doc/workbook/unix/unix.html]]// (BaBar collaboration UNIX tutorial)
-   * //[[http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Teaching/Unix/]]//
-   * //[[http://www2.ocean.washington.edu/unix.tutorial.html]]//
-\\
-----
-Last update: [[ pacher@NOSPAMto.infn.it | Luca Pacher ]] - Mar 13, 2012